Everyone can recite the ISA-95 Level 3/4 split, but almost nobody has opened Part 4 and looked at what a B2MML Operations Request schema actually requires. Here’s how to read it and check vendor claims against the real spec.
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CIRCIA’s rulemaking is about to push more CISA ICS advisories at plants, faster and with more legal weight. Most sites still handle them by forwarding a PDF — here’s a triage framework that actually works in under 30 minutes.
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Vision-language models are starting to draft setup instructions from CAD deltas and prior run data — a narrower, higher-stakes application than generic GenAI work instructions. Here’s how to validate the output before it touches the floor.
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As cobot payloads climb toward traditional robot capacity, plants are blending caged robots and cage-free cobots in the same cell — and most existing risk assessments haven’t kept pace with the hardware or the standard.
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